農博萬象
滲透潛勢 osmotic potential
2,180
名詞釋義
水分子通過半透膜，由濃度低的溶液移向濃度高的溶液，稱為滲透作用。水分子或溶劑滲透的驅動傾向稱為滲透潛勢。
補充解釋
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達人
小魚 發表於 102/03/29
英文名稱=osmosis
英文解釋="The passage of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane separating two solutions of different concentrations. A semipermeable membrane is one through which the molecules of a solvent can pass but the molecules of most solutes cannot. There is a thermodynamic tendency for solutions separated by such a membrane to become equal in concentration, the water (or other solvent) flowing from the weaker to the stronger solution. Osmosis will stop when the two solutions reach equal concentration, and can also be stopped by applying a pressure to the liquid on the stronger-solution side of the membrane. The pressure required to stop the flow from a pure solvent into a solution is a characteristic of the solution, and is called the osmotic pressure. Osmotic pressure depends only on the concentration of particles in the solution, not on their nature. (Source: DICCHE)"
中文名稱=滲透作用
中文解釋=溶劑流經半透膜而將二種不同濃度的液體分開。半透膜允許溶劑分子通過，而大部分的溶質無法通過。此半透膜依據熱力學潛勢，水或溶劑會從較弱潛勢一方流向較強潛勢的溶液中，被膜分離的溶液會達到相同的濃度。當兩邊的溶液達到相同的濃度時，滲透作用將會停止，也會因在潛勢較高的一邊加壓而停止。阻止純溶劑進入溶液所需的壓力條件與溶液的特性有關，稱之為滲透壓，其僅決定於溶液中固體顆粒的濃度，而非它們的本質。
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英文解釋="The passage of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane separating two solutions of different concentrations. A semipermeable membrane is one through which the molecules of a solvent can pass but the molecules of most solutes cannot. There is a thermodynamic tendency for solutions separated by such a membrane to become equal in concentration, the water (or other solvent) flowing from the weaker to the stronger solution. Osmosis will stop when the two solutions reach equal concentration, and can also be stopped by applying a pressure to the liquid on the stronger-solution side of the membrane. The pressure required to stop the flow from a pure solvent into a solution is a characteristic of the solution, and is called the osmotic pressure. Osmotic pressure depends only on the concentration of particles in the solution, not on their nature. (Source: DICCHE)"
中文名稱=滲透作用
中文解釋=溶劑流經半透膜而將二種不同濃度的液體分開。半透膜允許溶劑分子通過，而大部分的溶質無法通過。此半透膜依據熱力學潛勢，水或溶劑會從較弱潛勢一方流向較強潛勢的溶液中，被膜分離的溶液會達到相同的濃度。當兩邊的溶液達到相同的濃度時，滲透作用將會停止，也會因在潛勢較高的一邊加壓而停止。阻止純溶劑進入溶液所需的壓力條件與溶液的特性有關，稱之為滲透壓，其僅決定於溶液中固體顆粒的濃度，而非它們的本質。
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達人
傳哥 發表於 102/01/30
溶液之濃度可影響溶液之滲透潛勢(Y p )，液體滲調之原理即藉滲調溶液之滲透潛勢調節種子之含水量，種子內含水量之多寡影響種子內生理代謝活動進行，如溶液之滲透潛勢愈低則水分進入種子愈慢且少，則無法有效活化及促進種子發芽；若滲透潛勢愈高則水分進入種子愈快且多，則對低活力之種子或抑制種子發芽之因素無法調節及克服，因而無法達滲調之目的。滲調時一些鹽類離子進入胚，造成影響為增加種子內滲透潛勢，使種子吸水量增加因而降低滲調後種子發芽率，而影響離子進入胚之因素如種子大小及構造、滲調天數等。
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