不同農業廢棄物回收再利用培養杏鮑菇及其成分比較 - 農業知識入口網

In this study, bamboo crumb, paddy straw crumb, sugarcane crumb, spent Pleurotus eryngii substrate, or spent Flammulina velutipes substrate was used to completely or partially replace fresh sawdust to cultivate P. eryngii. The nutrients and functional components were compared. The fingerprints and the contents of ergosterol and ergothioneine analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were compared. The results revealed that the samples cultivated using spent P. eryngii substrate or spent F. velutipes substrate had higher crude protein content. The water-soluble extract contents of P. eryngii cultured with spent P. eryngii substrate were higher than that cultured with sawdust. The total polysaccharide content of P. eryngii cultured with sugarcane substrate was significantly higher than that of P. eryngii cultured with sawdust, while the total polysaccharide content of P. eryngii cultured with bamboo was lower. The high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprint findings revealed the compositions of P. eryngii cultured from any agricultural waste substrate were the same. The ergosterol content was between 0.015 and 0.067 mg g-1, and the ergothioneine content was between 0.890 and 2.542 mg g-1. These results indicated that using recycled materials instead of sawdust to cultivate P. eryngii to reduce agricultural waste could be a safe and worthwhile solution.
本研究採用竹屑、稻草屑、甘蔗屑、杏鮑菇廢基質或金針菇廢基質全部或部分取代新鮮木屑來培養杏鮑菇。比較了營養成分與功能成分。比較指紋圖譜以及高效液相層析法 (high-performance liquid chromatography; HPLC) 分析的麥角固醇與麥角硫因的含量。結果表明，使用杏鮑菇廢基質或金針菇廢基質培養的樣本具有較高的粗蛋白含量。用杏鮑菇廢基質培養的杏鮑菇水溶性浸出物含量高於用新鮮木屑培養的杏鮑菇水溶性浸出物含量。甘蔗屑基質培養的杏鮑菇總多醣含量顯著高於新鮮木屑培養者，而竹屑培養的杏鮑菇總多醣含量較低。HPLC 指紋圖譜結果表明，從本試驗所用之任何農業廢棄物基質培養的杏鮑菇成分都是相同的。麥角固醇含量為0.015–0.067 mg g-1，麥角硫因含量為0.890–2.542 mg g-1。這些結果表明，使用回收農業廢棄資材代替木屑來種植杏鮑菇可能是一種安全且有價值的解決方案。