運用自動微噴霧設施降溫提升「玉荷包」荔枝開花率與防治荔枝細蛾 - 農業知識入口網

為提升「玉荷包」荔枝開花率，本研究嘗試以自動噴霧設施於12 月定時噴霧降溫，再於3 月調查開花比例。結果顯示，4 種不同時間噴霧處理的開花率分別為不噴霧降溫18.3%、白天夜晚噴霧32.1%、白天噴霧42.9% 及夜間噴霧26.7%，白天噴霧為提升荔枝開花率較佳的時段。白天噴霧的2 種處理開花率皆顯著較不噴霧對照組高，而夜間噴霧處理並無顯著增加開花率。進一步使用同套噴霧系統測試以農藥噴霧防治荔枝細蛾的效果，結果顯示4 種防治處理的為害率分別為：無用藥對照61%、自動噴藥10%、人工噴藥0% 及夜間綠光light-emitting diode (LED) 燈照2%。人工噴藥與夜間綠燈防治皆有極佳的防治效果，農藥自動噴霧方式雖可節省人力且降低荔枝細蛾為害率，但為害率仍有改進空間。
To improve the flowering rate of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.), this study used an automatic spraying system to spray water for cooling at different times in December and investigated the flowering rate in the next March. The results showed that the flowering rates of the daytime spraying treatments were significantly higher than that of the non-spraying control group, while the nighttime spraying treatment did not significantly increase the flowering rate. The flowering rates of the four different spraying treatments were 18.3% for non-spraying, 32.1% for daytime and nighttime spraying, 42.9% for daytime spraying, and 26.7% for nighttime spraying. Daytime spraying was the best time to increase litchi flowering rate. The same spraying system was further used to test the effect of pesticide spraying on litchi fruit borer (Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley) control. The results showed that the damage rates of the four control treatments were 61% for the non-pesticide control, 10% for the automatic pesticide spraying, 0% for the manual pesticide spraying, and 2% for the night green light-emitting diode (LED) light illumination. Both daytime manual pesticide spraying and night green LED light control had positive effects. Although the automatic pesticide spraying method can save labor and reduce the damage rate of litchi fruit borer, there is still room for pest control improvement.